2 chapters across the catalog
Matthew Knowles recounts his experience at Fisk University in 1972, where the school still utilized the "brown paper bag test" for admissions. Photos were compared against a bag to ensure students were not too dark, unless they were athletes or from exceptionally wealthy families. The hosts characterize this as a clear example of institutional racism occurring within black institutions.
The original intent of affirmative action as a repayment for slavery has been diluted as the program expanded to include women and all immigrant groups. Data suggests that post-slavery immigrants are often overrepresented in elite universities and corporate hiring compared to the ADOS population. This shift is viewed as an insult to the descendants of those who provided the forced labor that built the nation's early economy.
